The Pakistani government has moved to strengthen the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) with new amendments targeting fake news and illegal online content.

The draft law, titled the Electronic Crimes Prevention (Amendment) Act 2025, proposes severe penalties including up to three years in jail and fines of Rs2 million for spreading misinformation, Express News reported.

The amendments also outline the establishment of a Digital Rights Protection Authority (DRPA), which will have extensive powers to regulate social media and online platforms.

The authority will be empowered to block or remove illegal content and ensure compliance with regulatory guidelines.

Key features

1. Extended definitions:
   The amendments redefine “social media platforms” to include websites, applications and tools that facilitate digital communication. This expanded scope also includes any person or entity operating such platforms in Pakistan.

2. Formation of authority:
   The DRPA will consist of a chairman and six members, including secretaries from IT, information and Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA). The body will have jurisdiction to investigate complaints, issue directives to remove content and recommend measures to ensure digital ethics.

3. Content regulation:
   The authority will regulate a wide range of content deemed illegal, including blasphemy, hate speech, incitement to violence, obscenity, defamation and material against Pakistan’s defense or security. A comprehensive list of 16 prohibited content categories is included in the changes.

4. Compliance mandates:
   Social media platforms may be required to register with the government, establish local offices and appoint representatives in Pakistan. Companies will also be given deadlines to remove content flagged by the authority or face penalties.

Mixed views on amendments

The government argues that these changes are necessary to address the rise of fake news and hate speech, which has contributed to public unrest and societal divisions.

While supporters of the legislation highlight its potential to curb online disinformation and ensure accountability, critics fear the law could lead to censorship or abuse by authorities.

The government has assured that the changes will be implemented transparently, with appropriate safeguards to protect citizens’ rights.

The draft law is expected to be tabled in parliament soon, marking a significant step in the country’s efforts to regulate the digital landscape.