- Data centers raise the temperature in towns and cities
- Scientists recorded variations as high as four degrees
- Heat must be taken into account when planning and constructing data centers
Data centers run thousands of GPUs to solve computational problems, generating heat in the process. This heat must then be removed to keep the data center cool and operating at maximum efficiency.
However, some data centers pump out so much heat that it raises the temperature in local cities by several degrees. In some cases, heat islands with temperatures 16 degrees F higher have been recorded.
Researchers at Arizona State University have studied the effects of data center heat production in Phoenix and found that temperatures could rise by as much as four degrees F, exacerbating health risks caused by high temperatures and worsening heat production from Phoenix as a whole.
Data centers raise the temperature
The researchers measured the air temperature both upwind and downwind at four selected facilities. The facilities ranged in output from a 36 megawatt data center in Mesa to a 169 megawatt campus in Chandler. According to the study, data centers of this size can emit as much heat as 40,000 households.
When the researchers measured the temperatures at the data center sites, the researchers recorded temperatures 14 to 25 degrees F higher than the ambient air. As these thermal plumes moved downwind, they raised the temperature by an average of 1.3 to 1.6 degrees F, with the highest temperature recorded being 4 degrees F higher than temperatures upwind of the data centers.
“Even if these data centers only contribute to an additional heat island size of a degree or two, it could still have a very significant impact on our lives,” said lead author David Sailor, a professor at Arizona State University and director of ASU’s School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning.
Not only can the higher temperatures make health risks related to heat worse, but even a 1 degree F increase can increase energy use and heat production from air conditioning in residential and commercial areas, which in turn raises temperatures further.
Sailor and co-authors suggest that city planners and industrial developers should take data center heat production into account during planning and consider using green spaces, forests or parks to act as a buffer between data centers and population centers.
Heat generation is just one of the reasons why residents near planned and constructed data centers object to such facilities.
Via TechXplore
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